HE heart-rending
scene of poor people, including children and the physically disabled, lining up
for six hours every day for two kilos of rice is a warning of a simmering social
volcano.
But the worst is yet to come, says Duncan Macintosh,
spokesman of the International Rice Research Institute in a media interview
shared with us by a friend.
Macintosh said, "Our concern is for October and November.
We’re very concerned that the rice production and supply situation in the
Philippines may get worse in October and November."
He explained: "The Philippines has two croppings of rice a
year. Right now is the first crop and they’re harvesting the first crop in May
or late in April so right now the Philippines will get a lot of rice from
domestic supply. In June they will plant the second crop and that will be
harvested in September or early October. By the time you get to the end of
October and November there’s no more crops, the harvest has been eaten and they
have to wait for May the following year for extra rice. They cannot get from the
international market, the domestic supply is exhausted, what will happen?
Macintosh said a lot will depend on the harvest in September
or October. "The very key thing we need to watch is the second crop. The first
crop is harvesting now, we have to watch two things: one, the hot season that’s
coming now in Asia, in Southeast Asia the dry season as everybody knows it. Dry
season before the monsoon sets. That’s in southeast Asia and India.
"If because of climate change the dry season is much longer
than normal and the monsoon comes light, that’s a serious problem. That means
the second crop will be affected.
"If we have a good monsoon then the second problem to watch
out for is the typhoon season, that will come in October, September, October,
November. (Typhoons) come through the Philippines, through Vietnam to Southern
China as they do very often. That will have an impact on rice production.
"If they come up through the Bay of Bengal to Bangladesh to
Eastern India that will also have an impact. So we have to watch the weather,
watch the monsoon season. And watch for the dry season it will be a very dry dry
season.
Macintosh gave a brief overview why we are where we are
today. He said the situation started in 2004 when China went to the
international market for their rice needs because of domestic production
problems.
"So in 2004, two things started to happen, the price of rice
internationally started to go up and you have to ask why. That’s because the
international stockpile of rice in the world - every country has a stockpile of
rice - that stockpile started to go down because China and other countries were
buying from other countries.
"It’s simple economics, when you see your supply of product
go down, the price goes up, supply goes down, you have to pay more to get that
product, same way for rice. So our international stockpile is going down and the
price is going up. This continued quietly in 2004 and 2005, 2006; then in 2007
that’s when things really took off and you started to see the price of rice and
the price of wheat and the price of corn all going up because at that time after
three years the stockpile of rice in the world was very small. We had eaten all
the rice we had in the world.
"So now the international stockpile of rice is at the lowest
point in 30 years. The last time we were like this was in the early 1970’s and
the price of rice in the 70’s was also at $1,000 a ton. So now the question is,
can we increase rice production in Asia to excess so we can start to increase
the stockpile?
"There’s about enough rice in Asia now up to 30 days; before
it was more than 2 months supply. Now we have to wait for the harvest to come to
go into the market. Before, importing countries like the Philippines would buy
from the international stockpile in the market and sell it straight to their
market. Now there is no stockpile to buy from. Vietnam has stopped exporting,
Thailand has stopped exporting, India has stopped exporting.
"If you’re looking to buy rice in the market right now, there
is no rice to buy but it’s very important to realize this started three, four
years ago and the main reason apart from the shrinking stockpile is we have been
too complacent, forgetting about agriculture.
"Agriculture is food production. We must invest in
agriculture, we must invest in research and science and infrastructure. In many
countries in Asia, Philippines included, for example irrigation for rice
production has been deteriorating. The quality is not as good because they have
not invested. They did not build new dams for irrigation, they did not do
maintenance. So we need to invest in these things, we have not done that for
more than a decade so today we are paying the price of the lack of attention to
agriculture.
"So that’s the issue of the story. Very simple."