e have an
exclusive from Arturo E. Valenzuela Jr., a grandson of Dr. Pio Valenzuela and a
former Member of the Board of Architecture. It is about a hero of Pasig and the
Philippine Revolution.
Valentin Cruz, who served as "Pangulo ng Sangguniang Bayan ng
Pasig," was a gentleman-farmer, happily married to "Dorang" and with many
friends. He led a comfortable life and was well-read just like his friend,
Andres Bonifacio. Among his serious readings were the "French Revolution," "Noli
me Tangere," "El Filibusterismo," "Florante at Laura," "Scientific Agriculture"
and the Bible.
Agitated by these readings, Cabesang Valentin eventually
accepted Bonifacio’s invitation to join the Katipunan, a secret society that
aimed to unite the Filipinos and fight for Philippine independence. Cruz, by
joining the patriotic society, had much to lose, but his sentiments were in
sympathy with his compatriots who suffered from the tyrannical rule of a foreign
power.
In the first Sunday of May 1896, an executive meeting of
about 60 Katipuneros was held in Sitio Ugong in an unpopulated area north of
Pasig. The Katipunan leaders from Manila, headed by Bonifacio, together with the
delegation from Cavite, led by Emilio Aguinaldo, were in a convoy of five boats,
going against the current of the Pasig River on sundown. It was a flotilla that
increased as they were joined by other Katipuneros from Santa Ana, Mandaluyong,
San Pedro de Makati, Pateros, Taguig and Pasig.
At around nine o’clock, the Katipuneros arrived at Sapang
Nabas in Ugong. They were supposed to conduct their executive session at the
eating-place owned by an old woman named Fausta. But there was constant drizzle
and the dark clouds threatened to let down heavy rain. And since they expected
their discussion to last until morning, they would be exposed to the heavy river
traffic occasioned by the Antipolo fiesta. Moreover, they would risk detection
by the Civil Guards who patrolled in boats.
So, Valentin Cruz, Katipunan leader of Pasig, volunteered to
have their Asamblea Magna held in his house at the town proper. From Sapang
Nabas, the Katipuneros traveled through rains in the dark through orchards and
cane fields. Many fell into mud puddles, causing laughter and relieving tensions
during the difficult trek. Arriving at their destination, the host quickly
served them hot coffee and bread.
The house of Cruz was big, a great number filling the large
reception hall at the top of the stairs. At eleven o’clock, Supremo Bonifacio
conducted the meeting, sitting behind a table at the far end of the hall. On his
left was Emilio Jacinto, Secretary, and on the right was Dr. Pio Valenzuela, the
Prosecutor. The Triumvirate was joined by the host (Cruz), Aguinaldo, Candido
Tirona, Santiago Alvarez, Benigno Santi, Aguedo Del Rosario, Pantaleon Torres,
Enrique Pacheco and his son Cipriano, Nicomedes Carreon, Francisco Carreon,
Ramon Bernardo, Alejandro Santiago, Apolonio de la Cruz, Gregorio Coronel, and
Pio Santos, among others.
This was the meeting where Valenzuela argued that firearms
were needed to hasten the overthrow of the Spanish regime – a motion that would
be submitted to Dr. Jose Rizal in Dapitan for his approval.
After the meeting in Pasig, the visiting Katipuneros were
able to return to their respective hometowns in safety, and the local
Katipuneros thought they were safe for there were no untoward incidents, though
in fact, the house of Cruz was a mere stone’s throw away from the Civil Guard
station. However, a rumor cropped up that such a meeting did happen and it
reached the colonial authorities. A Spanish officer was assigned to investigate
the case, but he was killed on the job. The Spaniards thus arrested Cruz on
suspicion of masterminding the killing. He was hung upside-down from the top of
the bell tower of Pasig Church in full view of the parishioners. His head was
dipped repeatedly in cold water until he lost consciousness.
Despite his torture, Cruz did not break down. Believing him
dead, the other arrested Katipuneros pointed to Cruz as the person responsible
for the killing. Seeing Cruz alive on the day following the torture, the
squealers altered their testimony, pointing to an out-of-town person also named
"Valentin Cruz" as the real culprit. With no evidence against him, and a
substantial donation to the church by his mother, Cruz was released from prison.
After recovering from his torture, Cruz left his young wife
and infant son in the care of his mother to continue his underground work for
the Katipunan. The cover-story was that he needed to attend personally to the
operation of his distant farms.
On the third week of July 1896, Andres and his brother
Procopio Bonifacio, Valenzuela, Cruz and other Katipunan leaders from the
provinces of Manila and Morong re-assembled at the ancient lighthouse located in
Laguna de Bay near the mouth of the Pasig River that was a 20-minute boat ride
from Napindan, Taguig. Valenzuela announced the result of his consultation trip
to Dapitan with Rizal.
According to Valenzuela, Rizal commented, "So the seed
grows," but cautioned the Katipunan to seek arms and the support of wealthy
Filipinos like Antonio Luna. With the advice, the assembly became more resolved
to proceed with the revolution. The lighthouse was their Rubicon.
There was no turning back. At the next event, the Katipuneros
tore their cedulas, shouting, "Mabuhay ang Pilipinas! Mabuhay ang Katipunan!" It
was August 23, 1896 at Pugad-Lawin.
On August 28, 1896, Valentin Cruz was in Balakbak Hills near
Hagdang Bato in Mandaluyong where Bonifacio issued his formal war manifesto
calling on all towns to rise in arms and attack Intramuros the next day at
midnight. In that occasion, Cruz was promoted to General de Brigada at the young
age of 31.
In early night of August 29, Pasig, simultaneously with
Pateros, Mandaluyong and other adjacent towns, rose in freedom, with municipal
halls and garrisons successfully attacked by the Katipuneros. It gave the
Revolution a very auspicious start, and it is referred to in local history as "Nagsabado."
Pasig’s victory would enable the Revolutionaries to proceed to San Juan Del
Monte and Intramuros – events that will be tackled in Part 2 of Arturo E.
Valenzuela’s narrative.